James Gibbs (1682 – 1754) was born in Scotland. During his time, he was one of the most influential architects in Britain and beyond. He trained in Rome as an architect, and practiced mainly in England. His family was Roman Catholic and he was the younger son of Ann née Gordon and Patrick Gibbs. Gibbs was an architect whose understanding of English and Italian modes set a standard for 18th-century American and British church architecture, and is exemplified in his church of St. Martin, London. Gibbs is a central figure whose work covered the transition between a Georgian architecture and Baroque architecture (English) heavily influenced by Palladio Andrea. Among his most important works are St Martin, in London, and the domed and cylindrical Radcliffe Camera found at Oxford University. The church of St. Mary shows most directly the influence of his Italian Baroque. Gibbs very privately was a Tory and a Roman Catholic, because of this and also because of his age had a somehow distanced himself from the Palladian movement. This was a movement that came to dominate the architecture of England during his career. His book on Architecture became very popular and is even used to date. The framed James Gibbs art are very common in architectural firms and institutions. They are also found in many collections, galleries and museums. His architectural style was mainly influenced by the works of Sir Wren Christopher but did incorporate elements of Palladio, as well as forms from Inigo Jones and Italian Baroque.